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Worst Heat Waves in History

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worst heat waves in history

What are the worst heat waves in history? The climate in Ohio is gradually getting warmer and wetter, and persistent record heat is becoming ever more common, but do recent heatwaves compare to those of the past? Let’s find out.

To find out what the worst heatwaves were, I looked at average temperatures for different consecutive time periods- 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, 14 days and 30 days. Unsurprisingly, some historically hot summers popped up, particularly from the 1930s.

Top 10 2-Day Periods with the Warmest Average High Temperature
1. 7/21-7/22/1934: 104.5
2. 7/20-7/21/1934, 7/8-7/9/1936, 7/11-7/12/1936, 7/13-7/14/1936: 103.5
3. 7/24-7/25/1934, 7/25-7/26/1934, 7/9-7/10/1936: 103.0
4. 7/3-7/4/1911, 8/5-8/6/1918, 7/10-7/11/1936: 102.5
5. 7/9-7/10/1881, 7/12-7/13/1936: 102.0
6. 7/3-7/4/1897, 7/21-7/22/1901, 6/27-6/28/1944: 101.5
7. 7/6-7/7/2012: 101.0
8. 7/8-7/9/1881, 7/4-7/5/1911, 6/28-6/29/1934, 7/14-7/15/1936: 100.5
9. 7/7-7/8/1881, 8/6-8/7/1918, 7/20-7/21/1930, 7/26-7/27/1941, 7/7-7/8/1988, 7/8-7/9/1988, 7/15-7/16/1988: 100.0
10. 7/10-7/11/1881, 7/17-7/18/1887, 7/2-7/3/1911, 8/4-8/5/1918, 7/19-7/20/1930, 7/26-7/27/1936, 9/1-9/2/1953, 9/2-9/3/1953, 7/13-7/14/1954, 8/3-8/4/1955, 7/5-7/6/2012: 99.5

Top 10 3-Day Periods with the Warmest Average High Temperature
1. 7/20-7/22/1934, 7/9-7/11/1936, 7/12-7/14/1936: 103.3
2. 7/24-7/26/1934, 7/8-7/10/1936, 7/10-7/12/1936, 7/11-7/13/1936: 102.7
3. 7/8-7/10/1881: 101.3
4. 7/2-7/4/1911, 8/5-8/7/1918, 7/21-7/23/1934, 7/7-7/9/1936: 101.0
5. 7/3-7/5/1911, 7/13-7/15/1936: 100.7
6. 7/7-7/9/1881, 7/10-7/12/1881, 8/4-8/6/1918: 100.3
7. 7/9-7/11/1881, 7/23-7/25/1934, 7/7-7/9/1988, 7/5-7/7/2012: 100.0
8. 7/3-7/5/1897, 7/19-7/21/1934, 7/22-7/24/1934, 7/4-7/6/2012: 99.7
9. 7/6-7/8/1881, 7/19-7/21/1930, 9/1-9/3/1953: 99.3
10. 7/26-7/28/1941, 6/26-6/28/1944, 8/30-9/1/1953, 8/31-9/2/1953, 8/2-8/4/1955, 7/6-7/8/1988: 99.0

Top 10 7-Day Periods with the Warmest Average High Temperature
1. 7/8-7/14/1936: 103.1
2. 7/9-7/15/1936: 102.1
3. 7/20-7/26/1934, 7/7-7/13/1936: 101.7
4. 7/10-7/16/1936: 100.7
5. 7/19-7/25/1934, 7/11-7/17/1936: 100.3
6. 7/6-7/12/1881, 7/6-7/12/1936: 100.0
7. 7/21-7/27/1934: 99.4
8. 7/7-7/13/1881: 99.1
9. 7/5-7/11/1881: 99.0
10. 7/4-7/10/1881, 8/28-9/3/1953: 98.6

Top 10 10-Day Periods with the Warmest Average High Temperature
1. 7/8-7/17/1936: 101.0
2. 7/7-7/16/1936: 100.8
3. 7/6-7/15/1936: 100.2
4. 7/9-7/18/196: 99.8
5. 7/5-7/14/1936: 99.2
6. 7/4-7/13/1881: 98.0
7. 7/10-7/19/1936: 97.9
8. 7/3-7/12/1881: 97.8
9. 7/5-7/14/1881, 7/17-7/26/1934, 7/18-7/27/1934, 7/19-7/28/1934: 97.7
10. 7/6-7/15/1881: 97.4

Top 10 14-Day Periods with the Warmest Average High Temperature
1. 7/5-7/18/1936, 7/6-7/19/1936: 97.9
2. 7/4-7/17/1936: 97.6
3. 7/7-7/20/1936: 97.5
4. 7/3-7/16/1936: 97.1
5. 7/8-7/21/1936: 96.5
6. 7/2-7/15/1936: 96.0
7. 7/2-7/15/1881, 7/4-7/17/1881, 7/9-7/22/1936: 95.6
8. 7/13-7/26/1934: 95.5
9. 7/14-7/27/1934, 7/15-7/28/1934, 7/1-7/14/1936: 95.4
10. 7/16-7/29/1901, 7/17-7/30/1901: 95.1

Top 10 30-Day Periods with the Warmest Average High Temperature
1. 6/29-7/28/1936: 92.7
2. 6/28-7/27/1936: 92.6
3. 6/27-7/26/1934: 92.5
4. 6/26-7/25/1934, 6/30-7/29/1936: 92.3
5. 6/28-7/27/1934: 92.2
6. 7/6-8/4/1936, 7/13-8/11/1955: 92.1
7. 7/10-8/8/1955, 6/28-7/27/2012: 92.0
8. 6/25-7/24/1934, 6/27-7/26/1936, 7/1-7/30/1936, 7/2-7/31/1936, 7/5-8/3/1936, 7/7-8/5/1936, 7/14-8/12/1955, 6/27-7/26/2012: 91.9
9. 6/29-7/28/1934, 6/26-7/25/1936, 7/3-8/1/1936, 7/4-8/2/1936, 7/8-8/6/1955, 7/9-8/7/1955, 6/18-7/17/2012, 6/20-7/19/2012: 91.8
1. 6/25-7/24/1936, 7/23-8/21/1955: 91.7

The heat waves in 1934 and 1936 dominated for high temperatures, and for the most part, nothing before or since has really come close. 1881, 1901, 1918, 1955 and 2012, among others, all make appearances.

The Top 5 Highest Single-Day Temperatures Ever Recorded
1. 7/21/1934, 7/14/1936: 106
2. 7/9/1936: 105
3. 7/22/1901, 7/4/1911, 7/25/1934, 7/11/1936, 7/14/1954: 104
4. 7/10/1881, 8/5/1918, 7/22/1934, 7/12/1936: 103
5. 7/12/1881, 7/4/1897, 8/6/1918, 7/24/1934, 7/26/1934, 7/8/1936, 7/27/1936, 6/28/1944: 102



A Dispatch headline on July 13, 1936.

Now that we’ve see the worst periods for high temperature, let’s look at the worst for the mean temperature, which is the average between the high and low. Because this measurement includes the low temperatures, it could be considered the definitive look at what the absolute hottest heat waves in history really were.

Top 10 2-Day Periods with the Warmest Average Temperature
1. 7/21-7/22/1934: 92.0
2. 7/9-7/10/1881: 91.5
3. 7/9-7/10/1936: 90.5
4. 7/20-7/21/1934: 90.3
5. 7/25-7/26/1934, 7/13-7/14/1936: 90.0
6. 7/10-7/11/1881, 7/3-7/4/1911: 89.8
7. 8/5-8/6/1918, 7/20-7/21/1930: 89.3
8. 7/10-7/11/1936: 89.0
9. 7/4-7/5/1911, 7/24-7/25/1934, 7/12-7/13/1936, 7/30-7/31/1999: 88.8
10. 7/11-7/12/1881, 8/6-8/7/1918, 7/8-7/9/1936, 7/11-7/12/1936: 88.5

Top 10 3-Days Periods with the Warmest Average Temperature
1. 7/20-7/22/1934: 90.5
2. 7/8-7/10/1881: 90.3
3. 7/9-7/11/1881: 90.0
4. 7/10-7/12/1881, 7/9-7/11/1936: 89.8
5. 7/12-7/14/1936: 89.5
6. 7/21-7/23/1934: 89.3
7. 7/7-7/9/1881: 89.0
8. 8/5-8/7/1918, 7/24-7/26/1934, 7/8-7/10/1936, 7/10-7/12/1936: 88.8
9. 7/11-7/13/1936: 88.7
10. 7/3-7/5/1911, 7/13-7/15/1936: 88.5

Top 10 7-Day Periods with the Warmest Average Temperature
1. 7/8-7/14/1936, 7/9-7/15/1936: 89.1
2. 7/6-7/12/1881: 89.0
3. 7/20-7/26/1934: 88.9
4. 7/7-7/13/1881: 88.6
5. 7/5-7/11/1881, 7/10-7/16/1936: 87.9
6. 7/19-7/25/1934: 87.7
7. 7/8-7/14/1881: 87.6
8. 7/21-7/27/1934: 87.5
9. 7/7-7/13/1936: 87.4
10. 7/4-7/10/1881: 86.9

Top 10 10-Day Periods with the Warmest Average Temperature
1. 7/8-7/17/1936: 87.4
2. 7/7-7/16/1936: 87.2
3. 7/5-7/14/1881, 7/6-7/15/1881, 7/9-7/18/1936: 87.1
4. 7/4-7/13/1881: 86.9
5. 7/6-7/15/1936, 7/7-7/16/1881: 86.6
6. 7/3-7/12/1881: 86.2
7. 7/19-7/28/1934: 86.0
8. 7/18-7/27/1934, 7/10-7/19/1936: 85.7
9. 7/20-7/29/1934, 7/5-7/14/1936: 85.6
10. 7/8-7/17/1881, 7/17-7/26/1934: 85.4

Top 10 14-Day Periods with the Warmest Average Temperature
1. 7/3-7/16/1881, 7/4-7/17/1881: 85.1
2. 7/6-7/19/1936: 85.0
3. 7/5-7/18/1936: 84.9
4. 7/7-7/20/1936: 84.6
5. 7/2-7/15/1881, 7/5-7/18/1881, 7/4-7/17/1936: 84.5
6. 7/3-7/16/1936: 84.3
7. 7/6-7/19/1881, 7/8-7/21/1936, 7/18-7/31/1940: 83.9
8. 7/13-7/26/1934, 7/14-7/27/1934, 7/15-7/28/1934: 83.8
9. 7/2-7/15/1936: 83.7
10. 7/1-7/14/1881: 83.6

Top 10 30-Day Periods with the Warmest Average Temperature
1. 6/27-7/26/1934: 81.4
2. 6/28-7/27/1934: 81.3
3. 6/26-7/25/1934: 81.2
4. 6/29-7/28/1934, 7/19-8/17/1940, 7/20-8/18/1940, 6/28-7/27/2012: 81.0
5. 7/18-8/16/1940, 6/29-7/28/2012: 80.8
6. 6/25-7/24/1934, 6/27-7/26/2012: 80.7
7. 6/21-7/20/1878, 6/24-7/23/1934, 6/30-7/29/1934, 6/30-7/29/2012: 80.6
8. 6/20-7/19/1878, 6/22/1878-7/21/1878, 7/10-8/8/1916, 7/11-8/9/1916, 7/13-8/11/1916, 7/14-8/12/1916, 7/1-7/30/1934, 7/17-8/15/1940, 7/21-8/19/1940, 7/8-8/6/2011, 7/9-8/7/2011, 7/10-8/8/2011, 7/1-7/30/2012, 7/2-7/31/2012, 7/3-8/1/2012, 7/4-8/2/2012: 80.5
9. 6/19-7/18/1878, 7/12-8/10/1916, 6/28-7/27/1936, 6/29-7/28/1936, 7/3-8/1/1999, 7/3-8/1/2011, 7/5-8/3/2011, 7/6-8/4/2011, 7/7-8/5/2011, 7/11-8/9/2011, 7/5-8/3/2012: 80.4
10. 7/9-8/7/1916, 6/23-7/22/1934, 7/11-8/9/1934, 7/15-8/13/1934, 6/30-7/29/1936, 7/13-8/11/1955, 7/2-7/31/1999, 7/2-7/31/2011, 7/4-8/2/2011, 6/19-7/18/2012, 7/6-8/4/2012: 80.3

1934 and 1936 still dominate, but other years show up more often as well. Only 2012 shows up with anything in the last 60 years, though. That year also saw one of the worst wind events in Ohio history, partially fueled by the heat of that summer: North American Derecho of 2012

Finally, let’s look at periods that featured consecutive days with highs of 90 degrees or higher. What are the longest?

# of Consecutive Days with Highs 90 or Above
1. 7/3-7/16/1881: 14
2. 7/18-7/30/1940: 13
3. 6/24-7/5/1934, 7/7-7/18/1936, 6/28-7/9/1949, 7/21-8/1/1999, 6/29-7/10/2020: 12
4. 7/20-7/30/1901, 8/4-8/14/1918, 8/25-9/4/1953, 8/8-8/18/1988, 6/28-7/8/2012: 11
5. 7/27-8/5/1887, 9/7-9/16/1897, 7/29-8/7/1955, 6/13-6/22/1994: 10

A short video and article from 2016 about the 1936 heatwave, still the hottest in history.
1936 Heat Wave



Columbus’ Halloween Climatology

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Columbus' Halloween climatology

Halloween in Columbus has historically not been as volatile as some other holidays. If anything, a bit of rain and chilly temperatures are what ruin the festivities more often than not. This post examines Columbus’ Halloween climatology across several categories. Data comes from historic records and the Wilmington National Weather Service.

Here are the temperature extremes that have occurred.

Top 10 Coldest Highs
1. 1906: 38
2. 1993: 39
3. 1878, 1895: 40
4. 1913, 1923, 1954: 41
5. 1885, 1917, 2012: 42
6. 1890: 43
7. 1908, 1925, 1926, 2017: 44
8. 1898, 1905: 45
9. 1930, 1976: 46
10. 1879, 1931, 2002: 47

Top 10 Coldest Lows
1. 1887: 20
2. 1962, 1988: 25
3. 1923: 27
4. 1908, 1925: 28
5. 1885, 1893, 1913, 1917, 1953, 1975: 29
6. 1904, 1906: 30
7. 1878, 1938, 1954, 1968: 31
8. 1928, 1934, 1949, 1958, 1964, 1976, 1980, 2000: 32
9. 1879, 1926, 1930, 2017: 33
10.1890, 1936, 1951, 1966, 1969, 1993, 1996, 2002, 2008, 2010: 34

Top 10 Coldest Means
1. 1906, 1923: 34
2. 1913: 35
3. 1878, 1885, 1908, 1917, 1925, 1954: 36
4. 1887, 1962, 1993: 37
5. 1895: 38
6. 1890, 1926, 1976, 1988, 2017 39
7. 1879, 1930, 2012: 40
8. 2002: 41
9. 1893, 1894, 1898, 1905, 1975, 1996: 42
10. 1939, 1955, 2010: 43

Top 10 Warmest Highs
1. 1950: 83
2. 1974: 80
3. 1900: 79
4. 1927, 1933: 78
5. 1979, 2003: 75
6. 1882, 1901, 1982, 1999: 74
7. 1909, 1990: 73
8. 1888, 1935, 1944, 1987 72
9. 1915, 1971: 71
10. 1919: 70

Top 10 Warmest Lows
1. 1919: 61
2. 1882: 60
3. 2003: 59
4. 1927, 1929: 58
5. 1900, 1956, 2013: 57
6. 1921, 1941, 1982, 2018: 56
7. 1950: 55
8. 1959, 1979: 54
9. 1971: 53
10. 1881, 1891, 1933, 1946, 1974, 1991: 52

Top 10 Warmest Means
1. 1950: 69
2. 1900, 1927: 68
3. 1882, 2003: 67
4. 1919, 1974: 66
5. 1933, 1979, 1982: 65
6. 1901, 1929, 1956: 63
7. 1971, 2013: 62
8. 1890, 1999: 61
9. 1909, 1921, 1935, 1941, 1946, 1991, 2018: 60
10. 1984, 2001: 59

Halloween High Temperatures by Occurrence since 1878
Below 40: 2
40-49: 27
50-59: 35
60-69: 59
70-79: 18
80 and Above: 2

Halloween Low Temperature by Occurrence since 1878
Below 20: 0
20-29: 12
30-39: 54
40-49: 51
50-59: 24
60 and Above: 2

And the precipitation extremes.

Top 10 Wettest
1. 2019: 1.51″
2. 1932: 1.44″
3. 2009: 1.21″
4. 2013: 0.98″
5. 1941: 0.97″
6. 1919: 0.91″
7. 2018: 0.63″
8. 1942: 0.51″
9. 1960: 0.45″
10. 1905, 1973: 0.43″

Halloween Precipitation by Amount Occurrence since 1878
None: 78
Trace: 11
0.01-0.24: 37
0.25-0.49: 9
0.50-0.99: 5
1.00 or More: 3

Snow has been very rare for Halloween, especially accumulating snow. 1993 saw the only time that an inch or more of snow fell.

Top 10 Snowiest
1. 1993: 1.0″
2. 1954: 0.2″
3. 1906, 1917, 1926, 1930, 2012, 2019: Trace