This occasional series will focus on interesting or important dates in Columbus history, with today’s being the 1919 Prohibition Party Convention.
February 22, 1872
A convention of the Prohibition Party was convened at the Opera House to discuss ways in which to enact legislation banning the manufacturing and sale of alcohol. Such conventions had taken place at least 8 times in the previous 40 years, but was the first such event since 1869. The 1869 event in Chicago formed the Prohibition Party itself, so the Columbus event could be described as the first convention of the new political party.
The event was attended by about 25 delegates from 12 states. Those in attendance included Gideon T. Stewart, then a prohibition candidate for Ohio governor. Stewart gave the welcoming speech. In it, he described the prohibition movement as an attempt to “protect the interests of humanity” and that due to the government’s involvement in the sale of liquor, was “fast verging towards the precipice over which other governments have swept to destruction”.
Gideon Steward around 1900.
Stewart was elected as the party secretary during the convention. The 1872 convention was also the first the party nominated candidates for US president.
During the event, it was ironically noted that Columbus itself benefitted greatly from alcohol sales, and functioned as “one of the foremost benefactors of the world” in that regard. Columbus did have multiple breweries at the time- most in the Brewery District, of course- but it cannot be verified if Columbus was indeed special in either its alcohol consumption or sales compared to other cities.
In 1919, the Prohibition Party was ultimately successful in establishing nationwide prohibition by assisting in the passage of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution. This victory, however, proved somewhat pyrrhic in nature as the 18th was repealed by 1933 and the Party suffered a long-lasting blow to its reputation. It was never again quite able to gain such a prominent role in leading national public policy. For a political movement driven by such a singular issue, it is perhaps surprising that the Prohibition Party is still in existence today, though its influence even as a 3rd party is now virtually non-existent.
The modern logo of the Prohibition Party.
